本書根據教育部高職高專技能型人才培養模式中培養汽車使用、維修方面的實用型專業人才的目標,為了適應新時期職業院校汽車專業英語的教學要求,結合汽車專業實際需要和教學改革經驗編寫而成。本書旨在使學生熟悉本專業的英語詞匯及用法,了解汽車領域科技文章的結構及體裁,培養學生英語閱讀能力和翻譯能力,以便更好地直接從國外資料中獲取先進的汽車科技信息和知識。
本書針對汽車相關專業的學生英語學習現狀,力求淺顯、簡明、實用性強。需兼顧汽車運用專業、汽車電工電子專業、汽車制造技術專業、汽車整形技術專業等對各部件組成、結構和原理以及較先進的技術資料的要求,也要兼顧汽車營銷專業、汽車公估與保險實物專業既要求有結構和原理知識又需要相關的營銷和保險知識的需要,設置了情景對話。而且考慮課時有限,篇章力求精而專。因此本教材編寫在章節選用上采用汽車基礎章節,以求適應面更廣。每章前均提出“學習目標”“知識目標”,采用大量的圖形和照片來配合講解各部件組成、結構和原理,展示當前的設備、零部件和系統。每章中都提出問題,結合學習目標讓學生思考,要求結合汽車實物,熟悉各部件組成、結構和原理;并給出模擬場景、實物圖片等,讓學生學會實際運用。各校可根據在教學中教學模式或課時安排需要,部分采用本教材內容。各單元自成體系,可側重選用相關章節教學。
本書由湖南交通職業技術學院甘輝副教授任主編,湖南交通職業技術學院沈鋇、張芳玲老師任副主編。其中,甘輝編寫了第七單元與第十~十六單元,沈鋇老師編寫第二~六單元及對話內容,湖南交通職業技術學院張芳玲老師參與編寫第八、九單元和部分中文翻譯校稿,湖南交通職業技術學院田青老師編寫第一單元,湖南交通職業技術學院許進副教授和黃倩老師編審情景對話,益陽職業技術學院王嬌艷老師參與了部分編寫整理工作。全書由湖南交通職業技術學院鄭穎杰副教授主審。
本書是國家示范高職院校教學改革的階段成果的一部分,是湖南中華職教社的叢書之一,并得到了中華職教社湖南分社和湖南省教育科學十二五規則課題(CSJK011G2ZJ044高職ESP老師雙軌培養模式實證研究)的支持和幫助,在教學推廣過程中廣泛征求專家和專業老師的意見,得到了許多指導和幫助,在編寫中參閱了國內外有關科技文獻資料,在此對這些專家和作者一并表示衷心的感謝!
由于編者水平有限,書中難免有不妥之處,敬請讀者不吝賜教。
編者
Engine
Engine is a power plant. Its function is to produce power by eombusting the fuel, and drive the automobile through the transmission system of the chassis. Gasoline engine and diesel engine are the most common engines. Gasoline engine is made up of the crank link mechanism, valve mechanism,fuel supply system, cooling system, lubrication system, ignition system and starting system. The way of ignition in diesel engines is compression-ignition, so diesel engine has no ignition system.
Classified by ways of piston : the internal engine can be divided into reciprocating piston and ro-tary piston.
Classified by the air intake category: the internal combustion engine can be divided into natu-rally aspirated (non-supercharged) engine and forced into the gas (supercharged) engine based onits intake system, whether it adopts supercharger or not.
Classified by the arrangement of the cylinder: the internal combustion engine can be divided in-to single, double out-and three-style based on the arrangements, as well as inline V-type and op-posed.
Classified by the number of cylinders: the internal combustion engine can be divided into sin-gle-cylinder engine and multi-cylinder engine based on the number of cylinders.
Classified by the ways of cooling: the internal combustion engine can be divided into water-cooled engine and air-cooled engine based on the ways of cooling.
Classified by the strokes: the internal combustion engine can be divided into four-stroke inter-nal combustion engine and two-stroke internal combustion engine in accordance to a complete work cycle with the number of strokes required.
Classified by the valves: the internal combustion engine can be divided into side-valve (SV) engine, side-eamshaft (OHV) engine, overhead camshaft (OHC) engine, variable valve timing (VTEC) engine and the Desmo valve train engine based on the use of different valves.
Classified by the type of fuel supplying: the internal combustion engine can be divided into car-buretor engine and EFI engine based on different types of fuel supplying.
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