本教材根據醫學專業留學生統計教學的要求，對醫學統計學基本概念、基本理論、基本知識和基本技術進行介紹，尤其是對各種統計指標和方法的使用條件、使用方法及統計結果的理解做正確解釋。內容包括緒論、統計描述、統計表與統計圖、統計推斷基礎、兩組資料及多組資料均數比較的t檢驗和方差分析、兩個率或多個率的比較的卡方檢驗、非參數統計方法、相關與回歸、研究設計基礎等。內容簡明易懂，每章后面均附有練習題。
本教材供醫學專業留學生使用和本科生雙語教學使用。
Good medical doctors should also be considered scientists and artists. They encounter numerous questions raised by their patients, colleagues and even themselves. In addition, they are faced with a lot of data from patients as well as from laboratory tests. They need to learn to evaluate the information obtained from these tests as well as the journals or medical books. How does one use these data to answer questions? Statistical skills are required to understand and address these questions.
This book is an introductory level textbook designed for medical students as well as students from other healthcare related professions such as nursing, dentistry, pharmacy, and public health services. It can also be used as a reference book for the clinician or other healthcare professionals. It does not require any background knowledge in statistics, and its mathematical level assumes only some knowledge of algebra. In this book, we try to minimize the amount of mathematical formulation but focus more on the applications using relevant examples.
It is important to learn statistics through continuous practice. The study questions listed at the end of each chapter are designed to help to learn and practise topics explained in the book.
It is worth noting that this text book serves as an introduction of medical statistics only. It does not provide answers to all of the questions in statistics. However, it would be a good start to learn statistics. We would very much appreciate any comments and suggestions on what and how the contents of this book can be improved.
We would like to express our sincere gratitude to all of the contributors who wrote or edited chapters of this textbook.
The support of the institution, International College, Tianjin Medical University, was essential for this book. We especially want to acknowledge professor Guo Fenglin, the dean of the college, and his colleagues, for their encouragement and substantive support.
We also thank the publisher for their helpful advice.
We would like to acknowledge many professors and their great works from which we have learned a lot.
Finally, we would like to acknowledge all of the families of the contributors for their support.
Wang Peishan (psw@tijmu.edu.cn)
Lu Wenli (luwenli@tijmu.edu.cn)
Tianjin Medical University
October 2014, Tianjin, China
Contents
Chapter 1Introduction
1.1What is statistics
1.2Study design and data collection
1.3The purpose of this textbook
1.4Introduction to some basic terms and notation
Chapter 2Descriptive Statistics
2.1Types of data
2.2Measures of central tendency
2.3Measures of dispersion
2.4Tabular and graphical presentation of data
Chapter 3Probability Distributions
3.1Definitions and basic ideas related to probability
3.2The binomial distribution
3.3The Poisson distribution
3.4The normal probability distribution
Chapter 4Introduction to Statistical Inference
4.1Important definitions and concepts
4.2Concepts of hypothesis testing
4.3Interval estimation
Chapter 5One Sample Statistical Inference
5.1One sample test for the mean of a normal distribution with
known variance
5.2One sample t test
Chapter 6Two Samples Statistical Inference
6.1The paired t test
6.2The two samples t test for independent means
6.3Testing for the equality of two variances
6.4The two sample tests for binomial proportions
Chapter 7Nonparametric Statistics
7.1Advantages and disadvantages
7.2The Wilcoxon signedrank test for one sample test of central
tendency
7.3Wilcoxon signed rank test for paired data
7.4Two sample test of central tendency
7.5The KruskalWallis test
Chapter 8Chisquare Test
8.1Comparison of proportion in independent samples
8.2Comparison of proportion in related samples—McNermars test
8.3Chisquare goodnessoffit test
8.4Tests for association in contingency tables—measuring
independence
8.5Fishers exact test
Chapter 9Correlation and Regression
9.1Simple linear regression
9.2Multiple regression
9.3Linear correlation
Chapter 10Analysis of Variance Techniques
10.1One way analysis of variance
10.2ANOVA for randomized block design
10.3Factorial designs
Chapter 11Research Designs
11.1Sample and sampling techniques
11.2Design of experiments
11.3Observational study design
Appendix Tables
Table A1Cumulative distribution function for standard normal
distribution
Table A2Critical values for the t distribution
Table A3Critical values for wilcoxon signed rank test
Table A4Critical values for wilcoxon rank sum test
Table A5Critical values for the chisquare (χ2) distribution
Table A6Critical values for the F distribution
(for homogeneity test)P=0.05
Table A7Critical values for the F distribution(for ANOVA test, onesided)
Upper：P=0.05Lower：P=0.01
Table A8Critical values for r
Table A9Critical values for rs
Table A10Random digits
Index
Reference
新書資訊